Every NIC can be uniquely identified by its MAC address, with the first half of the physical address identifying the device vendor and the second half of the MAC address uniquely identifying the device itself. When sniffing physical networks, one of the key pieces of information that can be accessed is the MAC address of the connected devices. The IP addresses assigned to systems for interoperability around the world are used to identify networked devices in the global internet.Physical networks are linked through a system's network interface card ( NIC) to communicate on their local networks and are identified on those physical networks by their media access control ( MAC) addresses.Networks of processes running on a single system are identified by the ports they are listening to for requests.This gives network defenders a tool for keeping track of potentially harmful network activity between endpoints. The key to network protocol analysis is to identify network endpoint devices and match them up with other network endpoints.
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